Critically looking at the extract that was written by Vit Sisler (Digital Arabs: Representation in Video Games), he looks into how Eastern Cultures are represented in a sense of ‘bad guys’ in video games. All of the things which have happened in History that we all know of, games glorify this and make it their own story. Because of this, we then believe this rewritten history and tell others of it, never really knowing the truth.
The extract starts of with “Video Games inherently provide a schematized image” could mean that we influence our own with our own ideas of justice; what is right and what is wrong and ‘we’ are the superior country. There are many parts of his extract where he goes into detail about this, but this line really struck me as interesting because straight off the bat, he explains that video games just go off the rails and into their own little battle of truth.
He then goes on explaining that the “Middle Eastern” settings in games use a fantasy based story. Religions which include kings, queens and gods, and express them in a very exotic way towards the player as a representation and difference from the players own culture. This is possibly why players find it quite fascinating and want to experience more of the game due to it’s difference.
Sisler gives a huge list of all sorts of Middle Eastern symbols and how they are portrayed in games so that we, as the player, know what we are dealing with. When games then use the Middle Eastern representation, players then understand where the characters may come from, where the terrain they currently stand on comes from and other different symbols which gets us thinking ‘Ah, exotic!’.
We then look at their mythology, historical mythology which they have gained through the ages, and made our own history of them based on passed Chinese whispers through the ages. Demons, helpless maidens and a hero happen in many video games. Yet, Eastern sided video games have a unfair culture difference, and it feels like no one is aloud their own opinions. For example, the game Prince of Persia “the hero is unjustly imprisoned in a
caliph’s dungeon and his quest is to save himself from beheading” this shows corruption in the East
ern society and all the politics care about is pain and suffering to the poor and innocent for their own pleasure. These people are normally represented as ‘Demons’, which takes me back to the mythology part; demons in mythology bring pain and suffering to the weaklings as part of a punishment for being ‘insuperior’ to the victorious. But the Western cultures (Call of Duty, Battlefield, etc) tell a different story, when they show just shooting up some random person is considered justice and self righteous, however any one could do it in the Western world. In the East, that would be called a ‘criminal offence’.
Sisler then goes on to explain about games which applaud violence in the West as a justice action. Because of this, the Western side in the game sees the East as ‘pathetic’ or ‘a culture with no soul’ at keeping their own soldiers in line; “they are not real soldiers“. Being patriotic can go either way: It helps a country to bind together, or it tears apart to fulfil orders of aggression. Eastern soldiers in games have a tendency to instruct “undisciplined poses, shouting and yelling” also “laughing mockingly after they kill” really strikes as an insane image to players. Uncontrolled and ballistic soldiers have no soul for their country, and therefore (to westerners) “not real soldiers“.
There is also references that shows that the East is sloppy with their own tactics, and also stereotypical. “Car bombs and truck bombs” and “explosives strapped to their bodies” are things which have happened in the past in many countries (specially United States of America), which is possibly why this portray of Terrorists is as it is. But in the game, the Terrorists have no sort of plot device, but only to kill the western civilisation. Little do they know that the West has “Powerful and expensive units“, “vehicles that can heal themselves” and a “flexible air force which allow them to strike quickly” completely throwing the terrorists off balance and careless about how their units are used in battle. It’s an unfair advantage, even if the terrorists are seen as the enemy, it completely over kills the fact. History really plays a big part in games, which is why we believe in the stereotypes of today; “9/11 is so culturally significant that games take on a new meaning” (Nina Huntermann, Barron, 2004).
These representations then bring on a new type of game which completely flattens out the existence of stereotypes and gives a new meaning. Strategy games have been around for many years, and Sisler picks out the Sid Meier’s Civilization series as a great example. You have a chance to play many countries, have the decision to conquer and take over any country you please with the country you chose at the beginning, and “allow players to act on the part of the various civilizations“. Sid Meier spent years of study and development to make the games accurate and insure that the tactical perspective, building, creating and establishing your connections is as close to real life as possible. Coming back to stereotypes, because of games like Civilization, people get a whole new perspective and are interested in the Encyclopaedia which is available to look at in game which is known to be “unique for it’s correctness“. With “Islamic Civilization“, Meier treads carefully with his own information by making the sensitive material much more easier to understand. He also understands that it is quite a “delicate subject” and tries very hard not to offend.
It’s not to say that the game is good for its promotion to conquer areas of the world. Sisler then gives a small explanation of his own understanding of Ted Friedman, which challenged Sid Meier’s games: “Ted Friedman (1999), who argues that the game proposes imperialism by rewarding violent exploration and expansion.” There are many ways to see Sid Meier’s creations as ‘fair’ and ‘fun’ but Meier decided to take on board the essay that was written for his games and base his new ideas around it.
At the end of Sisler’s essay, he concludes that because of the Civilization series, people now have a new understanding of Muslims as not the main problem or enemy of a game. Instead, it invites you to think of your own thoughts and opinions on the matter and focus mainly on the “player’s Self“.